A working mother opens an e-commerce app to quickly order a set of school supplies for her child. The app’s homepage immediately highlights a “Back to School” section. Within three taps, she selects items, checks out, and completes the purchase. The process is smooth, intuitive, and stress-free. Now imagine a competing app that overwhelms her with pop-ups, flashy banners, and endless categories. She struggles to find the products she needs, loses patience, and abandons her cart.

A UX designer proudly unveils a beautifully minimal app prototype. The layout is clean, the navigation intuitive, and the user flow seamless. But in the next meeting, stakeholders demand additional call-to-actions, banner ads, and notifications. The designer’s vision of simplicity starts to crumble as business goals threaten to disrupt the design’s integrity.